A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Refining/Market Segment. Power - Energy. Electricity for use as energy.

Real-time Pricing - Instantaneous pricing of electricity based on the cost of the electricity available for use when the customer needs it.

Reliability - Electric system has two components including adequacy and security.

Renewable Energy - Resources that are regarded as practically inexhaustible.

Reregulation - Implementation of regulatory practices to be applied to the remaining regulated entities once restructuring of the vertically-integrated electric utility is complete.

Research and Development - Basic and applied research in the sciences and engineering and the design and development of prototypes and processes, excluding quality control, routine product testing, market research, sales promotion, sales service, research in the social sciences or psychology, and other non-technological activities or technical services.

Reserve, Change in - For FRS reporting, the following definitions should be used for changes in reserves. Revisions of Previous Estimates. Changes in previous estimates of proved reserves, either upward or downward, resulting from new information normally obtained from development drilling and production history or resulting from a change in economic factors. Revisions do not include changes in reserve estimates resulting from increases in proved acreage or from improved recovery techniques. Improved Recovery. Changes in reserve estimates resulting from application of improved recovery techniques shall be separately shown, if significant. If not significant, such changes shall be included in revisions of previous estimates. Purchases or Sales of Minerals-in-Place. Increase or decrease in the estimated quantity of reserves resulting from the purchase or sale of mineral rights in land with known proved reserves. Extensions, Discoveries, and Other Additions. Additions to an enterprise's proved reserves that result from: (1) extension of the proved acreage of previously discovered (old) reservoirs through additional drilling in periods subsequent to discovery and (2) discovery of new fields with proved reserves or of new reservoirs of proved reserves in old fields.

Reserves (Coal) - Coal reserve estimates comprising the demonstrated coal reserve base include only proved (measured) and probable (indicated). Proved (Measured) Reserves. Reserves or resources for which tonnage is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings, and drill holes and for which the grade is computed from the results of detailed sampling. The sites for inspection, sampling, and measurement are spaced so closely and the geologic character is so well defined that size, shape, and mineral content are well established. The computed tonnage and grade are judged to be accurate within limits which are stated, and no such limit is judged to be different from the computed tonnage or grade by more than 20 percent. Probable (Indicated) Reserves. Reserves or resources for which tonnage and grade are computed partly from specific measurements, samples, or production data and partly from projection for a reasonable distance on geologic evidence. The sites available are too widely or otherwise inappropriately spaced to permit the mineral bodies to be outlined completely or the grade established throughout.

Reserves, Net - Includes all proven reserves associated with the company's net working interests. (See definition for Working Interest.)

Reserves, Proved (Oil and Gas) - The estimated quantities of crude oil, natural g as, and natural gas liquids which geological and engineering data demonstrate wi th reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reservoirs are considered prov ed if supported economically by one or more of the following: actual production; conclusive formation test; core analysis; and/or electric or other log interpre tations. The area of a reservoir considered proved includes: (1) portion delinea ted by drilling and defined by gas-oil and/or oil-water contacts, if any; and (2) the immediately adjoining portions not yet drilled, but which can be reasonably judged as economically productive on the basis of available geological and engineering data. In the absence of information on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of hydrocarbons controls the lower proven limited of the reservoir. Volumes of oil and gas placed in underground storage are not to be considered proven reserves, but should be classified as inventory. Reserves that can be produced 'economically' through application of improved recovery techniques (e.g., fluid injection) are included in the 'proved' classification when successful testing by a pilot project, or the operation of an installed program in the reservoir, provides support for the engineering analysis on which the project or program was based. Estimates of 'proved' reserves do not include the following: (1) oil that may become available from known reservoirs but is classified separately as 'indicated additional reserves;' (2) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, the recovery of which is subject to reasonable doubt because of uncertainty as to geology, reservoir characteristics, or economic factors; (3) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids that may occur in undrilled prospects; and (4) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids that may be recovered from oil shales, coal, gilsonite and other such sources. It is not necessary that production, gathering, or transportation facilities be installed or operative for a reservoir to be considered proved. For natural gas, an appropriate reduction in the reservoir gas volume is made to cover the removal of the liquefiable portions of the gas and the exclusion of non-hydrocarbon gases where they occur in sufficient quantity to render the gas unmarketable. If the liquefiable portions of the gas are not separately estimated, they need not be separately stated for FRS reporting purposes.

Reservoir - A porous and permeable underground formation containing an individual and separate accumulation of produce-able hydrocarbons (oil and/or gas) that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers and is characterized by a single natural pressure system.

Residual Fuel Oil - The heavier oils that remain after the distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons are distilled away in refinery operations and that conform to ASTM Specifications D396 and 975. Included are No. 5, a residual fuel oil of medium viscosity; Navy Special, for use in steam-powered vessels in government service and in shore power plants; No. 6, which includes Bunker C fuel oil, and is used for commercial and industrial heating, electricity generation, and to power ships.

Retail Market - Market in which energy is sold directly to the end-user customer.

Royalty - A contractual arrangement providing a mineral interest giving the owner a right to a fractional share of production or proceeds. It does not contain rights and obligations of operating a mineral property, and that is normally free and clear of exploration, developmental, and operating costs, except production taxes.